USES
- delivery of high FiO2 in the spontaneously breathing patient
DESCRIPTION
- reservoir bag attached to the fresh gas flow
- one way valve between reservoir bag and patient -> prevents expired gas entering the reservoir bag.
- FiO2 usually between 0.6 to 0.9
METHOD OF INSERTION AND/OR USE
- place on patient (covering nose and mouth)
- dial up high gas flow rates (15L/min)
OTHER INFORMATION
- FiO2 of 1.0 is difficult because of valve inefficiency and lack of tight fit around the face thus entraining room air
COMPLICATIONS
- retrolental fibroplasia (corneal)
- acute O2 toxicity with hyperbaric 100% O2 -> altered mood, vertigo, LOC, convulsions.
- dry nose and mouth
- oxygen toxicity (pulmonary, CNS, CVS)
- denitrogenation -> atelectasis
- obtunding of hypoxic respiratory drive
- ? increase in infarct size in MI
- ? increase in mortality post cardiac arrest
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