Hypochloraemia

Hypochloraemia (<95) (Usually associated with sodium losses)

Cause of HYPOchloraemia

1)    Drugs

• Bicarbonate (Inversely proportional to chloride)
• Steroids
• Diuretics, laxatives (Increased Mg and PO4)
• Theophylline

2)    Increased losses (Volume contraction and metabolic alkalosis)

• Excessive sweating
• Excessive diuresis
• Prolonged vomiting (Pyloric stenosis) or NGT aspiration
• Rena – Salt-losing nephropathy
• Adrenocortical deficiency
• Acute intermittent porphyria
• SIADH (Hand in hand with Na)

Associated with metabolic alkalosis in most cases due to sodium retention at expense of hydrogen ions