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Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB)

When taken in excessive doses, this drug of abuse causes rapid onset of CNS and respiratory depression, myoclonic jerking and bradycardia. Management of intoxication is supportive. The duration of toxic effects is short with complete recovery occurring within 4-6 hours.  Gamma-butyrolactone is a precursor drug rapidly metabolised to GHB and causes identical toxicity

References

  • Allen L, Alsalim W. Gammahydroxybutyrate overdose and physostigmine. Emergency Medicine Journal 2006; 23(4):300-301.
  • Traub SJ, Nelson LS, Hoffman RS. Physostigmine as treatment for Gamma Hydroxybutyrate toxicity: A Review. Journal of Toxicology-Clinical Toxicology 2002; 40(6):781-787.
  • Chin RL, Sporer KA, Cullison B, Dyer JE, Wu TD. Clinical course of gamma-hydroxybutyrate overdose. Annals of Emergency Medicine 1998; 31:716-722.

Toxicology Handbook

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About Mike Cadogan

Emergency physician with a passion for medical informatics and medical education. Co-founder of HealthEngine, iMeducate, and the GMEP. He writes more eclectically on the web as @sandnsurf | + Mike Cadogan | Contact