Thiamine

Thiamine

[1 vial for IV injection $30.48]

ADMINISTRATION ROUTES:

• IV, IM, PO

ALTERNATIVE NAMES:

• Apo thiamine, Vitamin B1

ICU INDICATIONS:

1. Treatment/prophylaxisofvitaminB1deficiency

PRESENTATION AND ADMINISTRATION:

• IV/IM: 100mg in 1ml solution
  For IM administration, solution may be injected undiluted into a large muscle mass
  For IV injection, administer by direct IV slow injection over 10 minutes into a vein or the side arm of a running infusion. Can be diluted in compatible IV fluid if required. Compatible with the following IV fluids: 5% dextrose 0.9% sodium chloride
  Store at room temperature Protect from light
  Note: s29 drug when administered IV

• PO: Tablets: Apo-thiamine 50mg tablets (white)

DOSAGE:

• PO: Usually given in doses of 50mg for treatment of thiamine deficiency; note usual daily requirement is only 0.8-1.5mg/day
• IV: For treatment of deficiency in ICU, usually give 100mg IV daily; for Wernickes encephalopathy give 300mg IV daily in divided doses

DOSAGE IN RENAL FAILURE AND RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY:

• Dose as in normal renal function

DOSAGE IN PAEDIATRICS:

• 1-2mg/kg IV, IM or PO daily

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY:

• Vitamin B1.

CONTRAINDICATIONS:

1. hypersensitivity to thiamine preparations

WARNINGS

• Administration of Glucose: In patients with potential thiamine deficiency, thiamine should be administered prior to glucose even in the presence of hypoglycaemia. Thiamine is a necessary cofactor for glucose metabolism. Administration of IV glucose alone has caused permanent brain stem damage when administered to thiamine deficient patients (eg alcoholics)

• Sensitivity reactions and intravenous use: Serious sensitivity reactions can occur. Deaths have resulted from intravenous use (use IV route with caution)

PRECAUTIONS

• General: See WARNINGS
• Laboratory Tests: No tests additional to routine ICU tests are required
• Drug/Laboratory Test Interactions: None known

IMPORTANT DRUG INTERACTIONS FOR THE ICU

• None of note

ADVERSE REACTIONS

• General: An occasional individual may develop a sensitivity or intolerance to thiamine, especially after repeated intravenous administration. intramuscular use.
• Skin: Pruritis, urticaria
• Cardiovascular: Pulmonary oedema
• Respiratory: Angioneurotic oedema
• Gastrointestinal: Nausea, haemorrhage into the gastrointestinal tract.